Agriculture and Environmental policies

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Agriculture has a major impact on the environment, especially on land, water, and biodiversity. Over the last 10-15 years, the environmental performance of agriculture has been mixed. For example, nitrogen and pesticide loading in the water remains relatively high, and low risk of soil erosion and water resource depletion persists in many regions and countries. In recent year, however, there have been an improvement in wildlife habitat landscape and sinks for greenhouse gases provide by agriculture but the most significant progress has to occur where environmental pressure has been greatest.
                The main environmental impact of agriculture may be characterized through the benefits of the harmful contribution of agriculture activities.

  • soil quality
  • land quality
  • water quality
  • air quality
  • biodiversity
  • wildlife or semi-natural habitat
  • rural landscape
Agricultural policy in India provides substantial farm support often linked to commodity production affecting resource use farming practices and environmental performance. Reconciling food production and environmental goals however is a challenge. But reconciling them implies that the right and responsibilities of farmers regarding farms practices need to clearly define and applied and thus the situation under which they are entitled to remuneration or obligate to pay (polluter pay principle).
Defining who pays or who is paid for the desired level of environmental performances has an important implication for the distribution of income and wealth. 

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